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Silicon Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass
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Silicon Element:
Silicon is the chemical element and it is a member of group 14 and period 3 in the periodic table. Atomic number of silicon is 14 and indicated by symbol Si. It is a metalloid. After oxygen, silicon is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. It makes up 27.7 percent of Earth’s crust. Si is the seventh most abundant element in the universe. It very rarely occurs as the pure element in nature. Si is always combined with one or more other elements as a compound. Naturally occurring silicon contains three stable isotopes 28Si, 29Si, and 30Si.
Uses:
Silicon is a very useful element and vital to many industries.
- Silicon is often used to prepare alloys such as aluminum and ferro-silicon. These are used to make dynamo and transformer plates, engine blocks, cylinder heads and machine tools and to deoxidise steel.
- Si is a very important component in microelectronics and computer chips.
- It is also widely used to make synthetic polymers called silicones.
- Silicon dioxide (sand) and aluminum silicate (clay) are used to make concrete and cement.
- Si is very important element to plant life but its use in animal cells is uncertain. Silica is present in plants in the form of small particles called Phytoliths. While plants perish on death, Phytoliths continue to remain unaffected for centuries. Hence, Silicon in the form of phytoliths is helpful in studying evolutionary phenomenon.
Silicon Element: Information:
Discovery year: 1823
Discovered by: Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Atomic number: 14
Relative atomic mass: 28.085
Electron configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Block: p-block
Other elements in the same block:
Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Aluminum, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Gallium, Germanium, Arsenic, Selenium, Bromine, Krypton, Indium, Tin, Antimony, Tellurium, Iodine, Xenon, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine, Radon, Nihonium, Flerovium, Moscovium, Livermorium, Tennessine and Oganesson are the same block elements.
Period: period 3
Other elements in the same Period:
Sodium, Magnesium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine and Argon
Group: group 14 (carbon group)
Other elements in the same Group:
Carbon, Germanium, Tin, Lead and Flerovium are the same group elements.
Other elements in the same Orbital:
Aluminum, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine and Argon are the elements in the same orbital.
Allotropes: none
Key isotopes: 28Si, 30Si
Melting point: 1414°C, 2577°F, 1687 K
Boiling point: 3265°C, 5909°F, 3538 K
Element category: metalloid
Density (g cm−3): 2.3296
CAS number: 7440-21-3
Color: crystaline
You can know detailed information for each element,
Hydrogen, Helium, LithiumBeryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon , Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium, Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Gallium, Germanium, Arsenic, Selenium, Bromine, Krypton, Rubidium, Strontium, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Indium, Tin, Antimony, Tellurium, Iodine, Xenon, Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine, Radon, Francium, Radium, Actinium, Thorium, Protactinium, Uranium, Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, Berkelium, Californium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium, Lawrencium, Rutherfordium, Dubnium, Seaborgium, Bohrium, Hassium, Meitnerium, Darmstadtium, Roentgenium, Copernicium, Nihonium, Flerovium, Moscovium, Livermorium, Tennessine, Oganesson.
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