Neodymium Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass

Neodymium Element:

Neodymium is the fourth chemical element after lanthanum, cerium and praseodymium in the lanthanide series of periodic table. Its atomic weight is 60 and is represented by the symbol Nd. Like most of other lanthanides, neodymium is also a soft metal and tarnishes when exposed to air. In spite of the fact that neodymium is classified as rare earth metals, it is more abundant than copper, nickel and cobalt. Neodymium occurs in two allotropic forms and five stable isotopes. The relatively stable isotopes occur with mass numbers 142, 143, 145, 146 and 148. The isotopes with mass numbers 144 and 150 are radioactive in nature and they are more stable compared to the remaining 29 isotopes, as estimated in 2010.

Neodymium reacts slowly in air and gets tarnished on exposure to air, forming a layer of its oxide. It reacts readily with atmospheric oxygen at 150 °C to form neodymium oxide Nd₂O₃. The metal reacts with cold water slowly and its reaction can be hastened in hot water to form neodymium hydroxide Nd (OH)₃, with the release of hydrogen gas. Neodymium reacts readily with all the halogens to form the respective halides NdF₃, NdCl₃, NdBr₃ and NdI_3.

Uses Of Neodymium Element:

Neodymium is used as a component along with other congener lanthanide elements such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, samarium and gadolinium in the preparation of didymium glass used for making protective eye-glasses for welding mechanics and observers of solar eclipse. It is also used in astronomy to calibrate spectral lines. Neodymium is also used in powerful magnets Nd₂Fe₁₄B.

Neodymium Element Information:

Discovery year:1885

Discovered by:Carl Auer von Welsbach

Atomic number: 60

Relative atomic mass: 144.242

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²

Block: f-block

Other elements in the same block:

Cerium, Praseodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Thorium, Protactinium, Uranium, Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, Berkelium, Californium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium and  Lawrencium are the elements in the same block.

Period: period 6

Other elements in the same period:

Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine and Radon

Group: Lanthanides

Other elements in the same group:

Cerium, praseodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium.

Other elements in the same orbital:

Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium and Lutetium are the elements in the same orbital.

Allotropes: none

Key isotopes: ¹⁴²Nd

Melting point: 1016°C, 1861°F, 1289 K

Boiling point: 3074°C, 5565°F, 3347 K 

Element category:  lanthanide

Density (g cm⁻³): 7.01 

CAS number: 7440-00-8 

Color: silvery white

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