Mercury Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass

Mercury Element:

The chemical element mercury is a shiny, silvery, liquid metal. Its atomic number is 80 and indicated by the symbol Hg. It is also called quicksilver. It is a d-block transition metal and it belongs to group 12 and period 6 in the period table. At standard room temperature and pressure, 'Hg'is the only metallic element that is liquid. It is a very toxic element. 'Hg' rarely occurs as uncombined in nature but can be found in ores, mainly mercury sulphide (cinnabar, HgS). Hg contains 34 isotopes whose half-lives are known.Naturally occurring Hg  is composed of seven stable isotopes, ¹⁹⁶Hg, ¹⁹⁸Hg, ¹⁹⁹Hg, ²⁰⁰Hg, ²⁰¹Hg, ²⁰²Hg and ²⁰⁴Hg.

Uses Of Mercury Element:

Many uses of mercury are being phased out or are under review because of its toxicity.

• Now it is used as a catalyst in chemical industry.
• Mercury is also used in some electrical switches and rectifiers.
• Previously it was used in batteries, fluorescent lights, felt production, thermometers and barometers but these uses have been phased out.
• Hg easily forms alloys, called amalgams, with other metals such as gold, silver and tin. Its ease in amalgamating with metals is made use of in recovering gold, silver and tin from their ores.
• Mercuric sulphide (vermilion) is a high-grade, bright-red paint pigment, but is very toxic so is now only used with great care.

Mercury Element Information:

Discovery year:before 2000 BCE

Discovered by:Ancient Chinese and Indians 

Atomic number: 80

Relative atomic mass: 200.592  

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²

Block: d-block 

Other elements in the same block:

Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Lanthanum,  Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Actinium, Rutherfordium, Dubnium, Seaborgium, Bohrium, Hassium, Meitnerium, Darmstadtium, Roentgenium and  Copernicium are the elements in the same block.

Period: period 6

Other elements in the same period:

Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine and Radon

Group: group 12

Other elements in the same group:

Zinc, Cadmium and Copernicium are the same group elements.

Other elements in the same orbital:

Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum and Gold are the elements in the same orbital.

Allotropes: none

Key isotopes: ²⁰²Hg 

Melting point: −38.829°C, −37.892°F, 234.321 K 

Boiling point: 356.619°C, 673.914°F, 629.769 K 

Element category:  post-transition metal

Density (g cm⁻³): 13.5336 

CAS number: 7439-97-6 

Color: silvery

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Hydrogen, Helium, LithiumBeryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine,  Neon , Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium, Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Gallium, Germanium, Arsenic, Selenium, Bromine, Krypton,  Rubidium, Strontium, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Indium, Tin, Antimony, Tellurium, Iodine, Xenon,  Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine, Radon,  Francium, Radium, Actinium, Thorium, Protactinium, Uranium, Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, Berkelium, Californium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium, Lawrencium, Rutherfordium, Dubnium, Seaborgium, Bohrium, Hassium, Meitnerium, Darmstadtium, Roentgenium, Copernicium, Nihonium, Flerovium, Moscovium, Livermorium, Tennessine, Oganesson.