Hafnium Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass

Hafnium Element:

Hafnium is a silvery-gray, lustrous transition metal. Its atomic number is 72 and represented by the symbol Hf. In the periodic table it is a member of d-block, 4^th group and 6^th period. It  is very rarely found in nature and instead is present in most zirconium ores at a concentration of up to 5 percent. On earth crust Hafnium is the 45^th most abundant element. 32 known isotopes with mass numbers 154 to 185 are present in the Hafnium. Five of them are more stable isotopes such as ¹⁷⁶Hf, ¹⁷⁷Hf, ¹⁷⁸Hf, ¹⁷⁹Hf and ¹⁸⁰Hf.

Uses Of Hafnium Element:

• Hafnium is mainly used in preparing of alloys. It is successfully alloyed with several metals including iron, titanium and niobium.
• Hafnium is used to make control rods of nuclear submarines because hafnium is a good absorber of neutrons.
• Because of its high melting point it is also used in plasma welding torches.
• When hafnium is oxidised, its oxide is used as an electrical insulator.
• Hafnium compounds are useful as catalysts in polymerisation reactions.

Hafnium Element Information:

Discovery year:1922

Discovered by: Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy

Atomic number: 72

Relative atomic mass: 178.49  

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s²

Block: d-block

Other elements in the same block:

Scandium, Titanium, Vanadium, Chromium, Manganese, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Technetium, Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Silver, Cadmium, Lanthanum, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Actinium, Rutherfordium, Dubnium, Seaborgium, Bohrium, Hassium, Meitnerium, Darmstadtium, Roentgenium and  Copernicium are the elements in the same block.

Period: period 6

Other elements in the same period:

Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine and Radon

Group: group 4

Other elements in the same group:

Titanium, Zirconium and Rutherfordium are the elements in the same group

Other elements in the same orbital:

Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold and  Mercury are the elements in the same orbital.

Allotropes: none

Key isotopes: ¹⁷⁷Hf, ¹⁷⁸Hf, ¹⁸⁰Hf 

Melting point: 2233°C, 4051°F, 2506 K

Boiling point: 4600°C, 8312°F, 4873 K

Element category: transition metal

Density (g cm⁻³): 13.3 

CAS number: 7440-58-6

Color: steel gray

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