Europium Element in Periodic Table | Atomic Number Atomic Mass

Europium Element:

Europium is a chemical element found in the lanthanide series of periodic table. Its atomic number is 63 and is represented by the symbol Eu. Being a lanthanide element, it usually exhibits +3 oxidation state but its +2 oxidation state is also not uncommon. It occurs very rarely in nature and its abundance is too scarce. It reacts with water to form europium hydroxide with the release of hydrogen gas. Europium reacts with oxygen between 150 to 180 °C to form europium (III) oxide.

Eu exists in nature in two forms of isotopes with mass numbers 151 and 153, out of which the latter is most abundant (52.2%). Since the occurrence od europium is very less in nature, its extraction is carried out simultaneously along with other lanthanide elements present together in the common minerals such as bastnasite, loparite, xenotime and monazite.

Uses Of Europium Element:

Europium as a single metal has no commercial applications. Europium oxide in the form of phosphor is used in printing postal stamps. The phosphors of europium oxide enable machines to read the stamps for finding out the value of stamps. The europium phosphors are also used in anti-forgery marks on Euro bank notes.

Europium oxide, also known as Europia, is useful as a dopant in phosphors in television sets and computer monitors. Eu (III) produces red radiance and Eu (II) gives out blue radiance ; when both of them are combined, a white light is generated which is used in compact fluorescent bulbs.

Europium Element Information:

Discovery year:1896, 1901

Discovered by: Eugène-Anatole Demarçay

Atomic number: 63

Relative atomic mass: 151.964 

Electron configuration: [Xe] 4f⁷ 6s²

Block: f-block

Other elements in the same block:

Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Thorium, Protactinium, Uranium, Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, Berkelium, Californium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Mendelevium, Nobelium and  Lawrencium are the elements in the same block.

Period: period 6

Other elements in the same period:

Caesium, Barium, Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Hafnium, Tantalum, Tungsten, Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium, Platinum, Gold, Mercury, Thallium, Lead, Bismuth, Polonium, Astatine and Radon

Group: Lanthanides

Other elements in the same group:

Cerium, praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium.

Other elements in the same orbital:

Lanthanum,  Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium and Lutetium are the elements in the same orbital.

Allotropes: none

Key isotopes: ¹⁵³Eu 

Melting point: 822°C, 1512°F, 1095 K 

Boiling point: 1529°C, 2784°F, 1802 K 

Element category: lanthanide 

Density (g cm⁻³): 5.24

CAS number: 7440-53-1 

Color: silvery white, with a pale yellow

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